#9 Cotton Yarn Susie Kirsh

#9 Cotton Yarn

Cotton Yarn

- Two-ply commercial yarn that is made from large bails of raw cotton

                First Stage Yarn

o   Fibers are mixed with the stems from the cotton plant, so to remove them a machine goes over the top to remove 5mm of cotton

o   Sent through a duct system to a blending and cleaning machines that process 500kg of cotton per hour

o   Cotton comes out evenly blended, but isn’t fully clean so it goes through another cleaning machine

o   Then it goes through a carding machine that combs out the tangled fibers and lines them up in parallel rows – machines also discards any fibers that are too short to process

o   The coiler then takes the rows of fiber and loosely thickens them into a first stage yarn

Second and Third Stage Yarn

o   They then go on to the drawing machine where it lines them out at 6 at a time and stretches them to create a second stage yarn

o   The roving frame then stretches the second stage yarn by stretching and thinning it out until it is a third stage yarn (anywhere from 3 ½ to 16 times thinner than the first stage yarn)

o   It is stretched and becomes 30 times thinner which ultimately strengthens it more

Transfer Process

o   The yarn is then finished, however, they begin to transfer the yarn from small spools to large, industrial combs (20 spools to a comb)

o   This can done through a transfer method called the winding method which transfers the yarns from the first spool onto the cone and takes the backend of the yarn and attaches to the front end of the next spool and winds it onto the cone which attaches it from the backend of the spool to the front end of the next spool and so on

o   When the spool empties it is discarded by the machine

o   During the winding, the machines sensor does a quality control check, so that if a portion of yarn does not need specifications, the winding stops and cuts off the offending portion and then reconnects the ends and resumes winding

o   The thin finished yarn is 200 times lighter than the first yarn that was spun – whole process takes 48 hours

NFPA 701

- Establishes test methods to assess the propagation of flame of various textiles and films under specified fire test conditions

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